The breed is also not recognized by the Cat Fanciers' Association. The Australian Capital Territory (a territory of Australia) government consider the munchkin breed to be "malformed animals" and the deliberate breeding of them "unacceptable" because of the "genetic health problems associated with such breeding". https://en.m.wikipedia.org ? wiki Munchkin cat - Wikipedia由于发评人近期被投诉删除评论过多，该回复暂时折叠 【点击展开回复】
It is not fully known how the mutation impacts the health of the breed. Having only been officially introduced in 1991, the breed is still considered young.【21】 There were early speculations that the Munchkin would develop spinal problems commonly seen in short-legged dog breeds; however, in 1995 several breeders had their oldest Munchkins X-rayed and examined for signs of joint or bone problems and found none.【22】【23】【24】 The genetic mutation causing the short-legged trait in Munchkins is referred to as achondroplasia,【15】【25】 the genetic disorder that results in dwarfism and is typically associated with an enlarged head as well as short legs but can also involve symptoms that include undersized jaw, thick-looking joints, curved spine, and a bow-legged or knock knee posture.【26】 The condition has sometimes been referred to as hypochondroplasia or pseudoachondroplasia.【27】【28】 However, there appear to be two conditions with increased incidence in the Munchkin breed: lordosis (excessive curvature of the spine)【29】 and pectus excavatum (hollowed chest).【30】【31】 Both conditions are commonly seen in humans with pseudoachondroplasia.【27】 Munchkin cats are known to be at a higher risk (than other feline breeds) for severe osteoarthritis because the shorter limbs affect their activity levels and behavior.【2】【32】 Diagnosis of osteoarthritis and the assessment of its severity for a cat may require radiography.【2】 Many pedigree cat associations around the world have refused to recognize the Munchkin cat due to the welfare of the breed and severity of the health issues.【2】由于发评人近期被投诉删除评论过多，该回复暂时折叠 【点击展开回复】
网友：白芷兰 打分：2 [2022-09-11 17:32:19] 来自加拿大
？
曼基康这种人为培育基因缺陷的猫也能参赛么？！
我一直都以为这种特意繁育基因缺陷级的产物根本就不能参赛来着，毕竟曼基康这种矮脚猫和折耳猫根本没差，全部都是没几年就要开始因为基因病痛缠身了
唔。。不过想一下，之前不是还有人为了销售把雪纳瑞的耳肉剪掉、剪成圆形、说是“天生的”米奇耳。。。
不过人选基因缺陷的品种怎么可以参赛。。敲，我记得之前折耳猫不是就不能参赛来着么，难道我记错了？搜一下去
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[1楼] 网友：白*******兰 [2022-09-11 17:37:06] 来自加拿大
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4 [投诉]
[2楼] 网友：白*******兰 [2022-09-11 17:55:11] 来自加拿大
由于发评人近期被投诉删除评论过多，该回复暂时折叠 【点击展开回复】
6 [投诉]
[3楼] 网友：路人甲 [2022-09-23 00:04:17] 来自上海
哇哦
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[4楼] 网友：61972796 [2022-11-06 21:10:11] 来自黑龙江
可恶，一楼的话我一句话也看不懂外语从来没及格的我沉默了
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[5楼] 网友：打分：-2 [2022-11-15 15:00:12] 来自河南
可恶，来个人翻译啊
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[7楼] 网友：云空未必然 [2023-01-17 17:49:48] 来自湖北
〖拍照翻译，尽力了…〗
目前还不完全清楚这种突变是如何影响该品种的健康的。1991年才正式引进，这个品种仍然被认为是年轻的早期曾有人推测，芒奇金人会出现短腿狗常见的脊椎问题；然而，1995年，几位饲养者给他们最老的芒奇金狗拍了x光，检查了关节或骨骼问题的迹象，没有发现任何问题，导致芒奇金人短腿特征的基因突变被称为软骨发育不全症，【15】【25】遗传疾病导致dwarfi C
通常与头大、腿短有关，但也可能包括下巴过小、关节看起来粗壮、脊柱弯曲、罗圈腿或弯膝姿势等症状这种情况有时被称为软骨发育不良或
pseudoachondroplasia。【27】【28】
然而，在芒奇金犬种中，似乎有两种情况发病率增加：前凸(脊柱过度弯曲)【29】和漏斗胸(胸部中空)。这两种情况都常见于人类
pseudoachondroplasia。【27】
众所周知，芒奇金猫(比其他猫科品种)患严重骨关节炎的风险更高，因为较短的四肢会影响它们的活动水平和行为。【2】【32】骨关节炎和臀部的诊断
[对一只猫的严重程度可能需要射线照相法【2】。
世界各地的许多纯种猫协会都拒绝承认芒奇金猫，原因是该品种的福利和健康问题的严重性
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[8楼] 网友：汨罗道 [2023-02-16 10:22:01] 来自湖北
学到了新知识（草）
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[9楼] 网友：封心不再爱 [2023-08-31 00:33:01] 来自浙江
厉害……
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